Rechargeable battery introduction
A nickel-metal hydride batteries and nickel-cadmium
Nickel-metal hydride and the battery voltage nickel-cadmium 1.2V. However, the volume ratio of nickel hydride power metal nickel-cadmium batteries high. According to the battery making process of different factors, nickel-cadmium batteries have a strong impact memory, the memory effect of a small nickel-metal hydride. The same time, nickel-cadmium batteries contain heavy metals cadmium, is now prohibited. However, due to a large nickel-cadmium battery rate discharge excellence, and in many power tools, Ni-MH battery can not replace the nickel cadmium batteries. Therefore, temporary license ROSH standard nickel-cadmium batteries are used in power tools.
Development of lithium-ion battery is first, lithium batteries, the development of lithium-ion battery. Top of lithium batteries is to use pure film lithium anode.Sur this basis, the development of a lithium-ion battery. Anode of lithium-ion battery is graphite. Ion conduction is the lithium-ion battery instead of lithium metal. Security has greatly increased.
Voltage lithium-ion battery 3.7V. Volume ratio of higher energy than nickel-metal hydride. When lithium-ion batteries are aluminum, steel, and flexible packaging. Different areas of their respective market share. Some markets are common, such as lithium mobile phones.
However, due to once before batteries and nickel-hydride IBM ThinkPad T43 battery voltage metal of 1.2 ~ 1.5V, 2 Serial for 2.4V ~ 3.0V. Most electrical devices are already provided with standard working voltage. Such as the Walkman, radios, etc.. Thus, the latter in the civil battery, lithium can not replace nickel-hydride batteries in metal. However, in the latter part of developing a new use for electrical appliances, such as MP3, MP4 and so on using lithium as a mobile power source.
Therefore, nickel metal hydride, nickel cadmium, lithium-ion batteries in their respective fields present can not be replaced by other cells.
Nickel-metal hydride batteries and nickel battery voltage is 1.2V cadmium. But on the same volume, the capacity of the former to be even more dramatic environmental former without cadmium; battery self-discharge of the former principal, the latter has a strong memory.
Voltage lithium-ion battery 3.7 V, with the same volume under the two latter types of large capacity, no memory effect, high prices, storage forward.
Hard to say which is better phone, DV, part of the DC, laptops and other requirements of high capacity, small size of the occasion, general use lithium-ion Dell Latitude D800 battery; common small electrical appliances, DC machines with more than nickel-metal hydride batteries, after all, cheap and easy to buy. Both have been widely applied.
Two nickel-hydride batteries, metal and other rechargeable battery comparison
Rechargeable batteries are mainly two kinds of lead acid batteries and alkaline. The currently used nickel-cadmium (NiCd), to nickel metal hydride (NiMH) and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are alkaline.
Ni-MH battery NiMH battery positive plate NiOOH material, hydrogen absorption alloy anode plate material. The electrolyte is a solution of KOH in 30% overall, and add a small amount of INST. Membrane using non-porous or non-woven nylon woven fabrics, etc. Vinylon. NiMH batteries are two types of cylindrical and square.
NiMH hp Pavilion dv8000 battery has a characteristic of many low-temperature discharge, even at -20 ℃ ambient temperature, using a current high (1C rate) of discharge, discharge of electricity that can reach over 85% of rated capacity . However, the NiMH batteries to high temperature (40 ℃ above), the storage capacity of electricity will be down 5 to 10%. Such as self-discharge (the colder, more self-discharge rate) arising from the capacity loss is reversible, and charged with multiple-discharge cycles will be able to return to their maximum capacity. NiMH circuit voltage of 1.2 V, or even with NiCd batteries.
NiCd / NiMH charging process of battery is very similar, and both require a constant current load. The difference between the two, especially in the methods of charge termination early detection, to avoid overcharging. Constant current charging the battery charger, while testing the battery voltage and other parameters. When the battery voltage to rise slowly, reaching a peak on the NiMH battery fast charge termination, while the NiCd battery is the first time when the battery voltage has dropped by one – △ V ending fast charging. To avoid damaging the sony VGP-BPS5A battery, the battery temperature is too low when you can not start fast charging, the battery temperature Tmin below 10 ℃, will be transferred to the net charge mode. The temperature of the battery, once the required values, you must immediately stop charging.
Chemical Reactions Nickel-cadmium batteries NiCd battery cathode active material of the board of powdered nickel oxide and the composition of graphite powder, graphite not participate, whose primary role is to improve the conductivity. Active material of negative electrode of the Board of powdered cadmium oxide and the composition of powdered iron oxide, the role of oxide powder iron oxide powder of cadmium have a proliferation higher, prevent clotting and increase the capacity of the plate. The active ingredients were wrapped in perforated steel, compression molding has been transformed into positive and negative plate battery. Between plates of hard rubber insulation with adhesive or alkali-hole PVC corrugated plates separated. The electrolyte is usually a solution of potassium hydroxide. In comparison with other batteries, NiCd batteries self-discharge rate (ie, the battery loses charge when not in utilization) moderate. NiCd batteries used in the process, if not completely unload on another charge, discharge the next time you can not provide all the power. For example, the release of 80% of electricity, and then fully charged apple A1008 battery will emit 80% of electricity. It is the sense that we call memory. Of course, a few full discharge cycles the battery NiCd will resume normal work. Since NiCd memory effect, if you are not completely discharge should charge the battery before discharge to 1V per session below.
Black is usually the first wife of lithium battery, there are six main kernel and nine points, six of the battery cell can be used generally for two hours at two-thirty, while nine cell battery can generally be used for more than three hours (with the battery and use your new and old).
